一到过年娃就积食？这份攻略请收好******
新华社沈阳1月18日电(记者于也童 洪可润)每年春节期间，因积食前往儿童医院就诊的小患者都显著增加。孩子积食有哪些“蛛丝马迹”？积食了该怎么办？哪些食物可以促进消化？记者近日采访了沈阳市儿童医院中医科主任兰颖，带来一份春节期间儿童积食预防、处理的“攻略”。
中医认为，儿童积食是指孩子对某些特定食物突然摄入过多，超过了脾胃的运化能力，导致脾胃功能减弱。积食后，大一些的孩子会说自己“肚子胀”，而对于不能很好表达自己感受的孩子，家长又该如何判断孩子是否积食？兰颖介绍，家长可以观察孩子的以下几方面表现：一是是否突然厌食、容易烦躁啼哭，睡不安稳；二是孩子是否出现舌苔中间变厚的情况；三是孩子是否出现嗳气，反出酸腐的味道。“如果孩子有以上情况，那家长就要考虑孩子积食的可能性。”兰颖说。
对于积食的孩子，兰颖给出一份中医缓解积食的推拿“小妙招”，家长在家就可以帮助孩子做。“孩子胸中与肚脐连线的二分之一处，是中脘穴，家长可以用手掌根旋转按揉，每日两次；孩子足底心处是涌泉穴，家长可以用拇指压按涌泉穴，旋转按揉30-50下，每日两次。”兰颖说。
积食后，家长还可以为孩子做一些促消化的饮食。“比如我们可以将山楂、碎胡萝卜放入炖锅内，加清水煮沸，用小火煮约15分钟，最后用纱布过滤取汁食用，山楂中富含有机酸、果胶质、维生素等，与胡萝卜搭配的山楂汁可健胃消食生津。”兰颖说。
兰颖表示，避免积食，家长一定要注意让孩子饮食有节。“同一种东西过量摄入时，就超出了脾的运化能力。孩子没有成人克制力强，看到喜欢的东西会不停地吃，父母不要因为过节而放纵孩子‘吃个够’，没有规律、没有节制，反而会伤害到孩子。”
专家提示，积食不是小问题，需要时刻注意让孩子“保脾护胃”。如果孩子出现严重的呕吐、腹泻等症状，或者积食后长时间未愈，则需及时带孩子前往医院就诊。
中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄
由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
